Steps to Write JDBC Program

Steps to write JDBC Program

There are 6 steps to connect any java application with the database using JDBC. They are as follows:

1. Load the JDBC driver class or register the JDBC driver.
2. Establish the connection
3. Create a statement
4. Execute the sql commands on database and get the result
5. Print the result
6. Close the connection

1. Register the driver class

In this step we load the JDBC driver class into JVM. This step is also called as registering the JDBC driver. The forName() method of Class class is used to register the driver class. This method is used to dynamically load the driver class. This step can be completed in two ways.

• class.forName("fully qualified classname")
• DriveManager.registerDriver(object of driver class)

public static void forName(String className)throws ClassNotFoundException  

Sun.Jdbc.Odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver is a driver class provided by Sun MicroSystem and it can be loaded into jvm like the following.

class.forName("Sun.Jdbc.Odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

Sun.Jdbc.Odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver jod=new Sun.Jdbc.Odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver();
DriverManager.registerDriver(jod);

2. Create the connection object

In this step connection between a java program and a database will be opened. To open the connection, we call getConnection() method of DriverManager class.
For getConnection() method we need to pass three parameters.

• url
• username
• password

url: url is used to select one register JDBC driver among multiple registered driver by DriverManager class.

username and password: username and password are used for authentication purpose.

1) public static Connection getConnection(String url)throws SQLException  
2) public static Connection getConnection(String url,String name,String password)  
throws SQLException  

Connection con=new DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
Example:
Connection con=new DriverManager.getConnection(Jdbc:Odbc:< dsn >", "scott","tiger");

3. Create the Statement object

To transfer sql commands from java program to database we need statement object. To create a statement object we call createStatement() method of connection interface. The createStatement() method of Connection interface is used to create statement. The object of statement is responsible to execute queries with the database.

public Statement createStatement()throws SQLException  

Statement stmt=new createStatement();

4. Executing queries

Call any one of the following three methods of Statement interface is used to execute queries to the database and to get the output.

• executeUpdate(): Used for non-select operations.
• executequery(): Used for select operation.
• execute(): Used for both select or non-select operation.

5. Print the result.

System.out.println(output);

6.Closing connection : Close the connection.

By closing connection object statement and ResultSet will be closed automatically. The close() method of Connection interface is used to close the connection.

Syntax of close() method

public void close()throws SQLException  

con.close();

import java.sql.*;
class CreateTable 
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
//step-1
		
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
System.out.println("driver is laoded");
		
//step-2
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:ramadsn","system","system");
System.out.println("connection is established");
		
//step-3
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
System.out.println("statement object is cretaed");
		
//step-4
int i=stmt.executeUpdate("create table student(sid number(3),sname varchar2(10),marks number(5))");
//step-5
	
System.out.println("Result is="+i);
System.out.println("table is created");
	
//step-6
stmt.close();
con .close();
}
}