Assertion and Reason Reasoning
Assertion and Reason Problem Tips and Tricks
Assertion: A simple statement
Reason: Reason is the explanation for the assertion.
This type of reasoning questions consists of two statements; an assertion (statement of fact) and a reason (explanation for the assertion). You have to determine whether each statement is correct. If both the statements are correct, you have to determine whether the reason supports the assertion. There will be four answer choices for the possible outcomes and you have to select the correct one.
In this Tutorial, we will be given an assertion followed by a reason to support it. We have to judge the truth of both the sentences and have to ensure that whether the reason given truly supports the assertion or not. Assertion is denoted as A in the option in the short form and similarly, reason will be shown as R in the answering options.
Point out if:
- (A). Both, A and R, are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- (B). Both, A and R, are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
- (C). If A is true but R is false
- (D). If A is false but R is true
How to solve assertion and reason based questions
Let us look at an example:
Assertion: (A)Seeds should be treated with fungicide solution.
Reason: (R)Seeds do not germinate, unless treated with fungicide solution. Solution:
- First we will check if the assertion is true or not.
- In this case the assertion is true.
- Now we will check if reason is true or false.
In this case the reason is false, as Seeds are treated with fungicide before sowing to avoid seed borne disease. But, it is not a true fact that unless seeds are treated with fungicide solution, they cannot germinate. Hence, option(c) is true.
Directions 1: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)The Steam engine was invented by James Watt.
Reason: (R)There was a problem of taking out water from flooded mines.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
- (E). Both A and R are false.
Answer: C) A is true but R is false.
Directions 2: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A) Diamond is used for cutting glass.
Reason: (R)Diamond has a high refractive index.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
Answer: B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Diamond is very hard due to its rigid three dimensional structure and so, it is used for cutting glass. Refractive index of diamond is high and gives it the greater transparency and brilliance.
Directions 3: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A) Pluto is the coldest planet
Reason: (R)It receives slanting rays of- the sun.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
Answer: C) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Pluto, being farthest from the sun, hardly gets the sun's rays. So, Pluto is the coldest planet.
Directions 4: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)Simla is colder than Delhi.
Reason: (R)Simla is at a higher altitude as compared to Delhi.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
Answer: C) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Pluto, being farthest from the sun, hardly gets the sun's rays. So, Pluto is the coldest planet.
Directions 5: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)Tamil Nadu gets most of the rainfall in winter.
Reason: (R)Tamil Nadu gets rainfall from retreating monsoons.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
- (E). Both A and R are false.
Answer: A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Rainfall in Tamil Nadu is caused by the retreating monsoons which occur in winter.
Directions 6: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)We prefer to wear white clothes in winter.
Reason: (R)White clothes are good reflectors of heat.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
- (E). Both A and R are false.
Answer: D). A is false but R is true.
Explanation: We prefer to wear dark clothes in winter because they absorb the heat and keep the body warm. However, white clothes are good reflectors of heat and are worn in summer.
Directions 7: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)The freezing of sea water during winter does not kill the fishes.
Reason: (R)Only surface water is frozen.
- (A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true but R is false.
- (D). A is false but R is true.
- (E). Both A and R are false.
Answer: A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: In winter, only the surface water of the sea freezes. Further, below water does not freeze because the surface ice provides an insulating coat.
Directions 8: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative
Assertion: (A)The water kept in the earthen pot cools down in summers.
Reason: (R)The water evaporates through the pores, which causes cooling.
- (A). Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (B). Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (C). A is true, but R is false.
- (D). A is false, but R is true.
- (E). Both A and R are false.
Answer: A). Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The earthen pots have pores through which water can evaporate, and it is a fact that evaporation causes cooling.