Types of Network Topology

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Computer Networking What is LAN

Types of Network Topology

The arrangement of a network which comprises of nodes and connecting lines via sender and receiver is referred as network topology. The various network topologies are;

  • Ring Topology
  • Bus Topology
  • Mesh Topology
  • Star Topology
  • Hybrid Topology

Mesh Topology

In mesh topology, every device is connected to another device via particular channel.

Advantages of Mesh Topology

  • It is robust.
  • Fault is diagnosed easily. Data is reliable because data is transferred among the devices through dedicated channels or links.
  • Provides security and privacy.

Problems with Mesh topology

  • Installation and configuration is difficult.
  • Cost of cables are high as bulk wiring is required, hence suitable for less number of devices.
  • Cost of maintenance is high.

Star Topology

In star topology, all the devices are connected to a single hub through a cable. This hub is the central node and all others nodes are connected to the central node. The hub can be passive ​in nature i.e. not intelligent hub such as broadcasting devices, at the same time the hub can be intelligent known as active ​hubs. Active hubs have repeaters in them.

Advantages of Star Topology

  • If N devices are connected to each other in star topology, then the number of cables required to connect them is N. So, it is easy to set up.
  • Each device require only 1 port i.e. to connect to the hub.

Problems with Star Topology

  • If the concentrator (hub) on which the whole topology relies fails, the whole system will crash down. Cost of installation is high.
  • Performance is based on the single concentrator i.e. hub.

Bus Topology

Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device is connected to single cable. It transmits the data from one end to another in single direction. No bi-directional feature is in bus topology.

Advantages of Bus Topology

  • If N devices are connected to each other in bus topology, then the number of cables required to connect them is 1 ​which is known as backbone cable and N drop lines are required.
  • Cost of the cable is less as compared to other topology, but it is used to built small networks.

Problems with Bus Topology

Ring Topology

In this topology, it forms a ring connecting a devices with its exactly two neighbouring devices. The following operations takes place in ring topology are;

Advantages of Ring Topology

Problems with this topology

Hybrid Topology

This topology is a collection of two or more topologies which are described above. This is a scalable topology which can be expanded easily. It is reliable one but at the same it is a costly topology.


Computer Networking What is LAN

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